Independent. Not affiliated with Eli Lilly or Novo Nordisk.Not medical advice. Your prescriber decides your treatment.

Warning signs to report to your prescriber

The most common side effects of these medicines are stomach symptoms. A few side effects are serious, and the labels spell out the symptoms that mean calling your healthcare provider, or getting help right away. They are listed here in plain English.

Key points
  • Get help right away: signs of a serious allergic reaction, or severe stomach pain that will not go away.
  • Call your provider: upper stomach pain with fever or yellow skin or eyes, a neck lump or swelling, persistent vomiting or diarrhea, vision changes.
  • Tell every provider about planned surgery or sedation.
  • If you also take insulin or a sulfonylurea, know the signs of low blood sugar.
  • In an emergency, call 911.
In an emergencyIf you have trouble breathing, swelling of your face or throat, or you think your life is at risk, call 911 now. This page cannot assess your symptoms.

Get help right away

Signs of a serious allergic reaction

Stop the medicine and get medical help right away if you have swelling of your face, lips, tongue or throat, problems breathing or swallowing, severe rash or itching, fainting or feeling dizzy, or a very rapid heartbeat.[6, 5] All four labels warn about serious allergic (hypersensitivity) reactions.[1, 2, 3, 4]

Severe stomach pain that will not go away

This can be a sign of inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis). Stop the medicine and call your healthcare provider right away if you have severe pain in your stomach area that will not go away, with or without vomiting.[5, 6] All four labels include a warning about acute pancreatitis.[1, 2, 3, 4]

Call your healthcare provider

  • Gallbladder problems: pain in your upper stomach, fever, yellowing of your skin or eyes (jaundice), or clay-colored stools.[5, 6]
  • Dehydration and kidney problems: nausea, vomiting and diarrhea can cause a loss of fluids, which may cause kidney problems. Tell your provider if these do not stop.[5, 6]
  • Severe stomach problems: tell your provider about stomach problems that are severe or will not go away.[5]
  • Low blood sugar: the labels note a higher risk if you also take insulin or a medicine that makes your body release insulin, such as a sulfonylurea. Signs include dizziness or light-headedness, blurred vision, anxiety, irritability or mood changes, sweating, slurred speech, hunger, confusion or drowsiness, shakiness, weakness, headache, a fast heartbeat or feeling jittery.[6, 2, 4]
  • Vision changes, if you have type 2 diabetes. The labels include a warning about diabetic retinopathy complications.[5, 6, 2, 4]
  • Heart racing or pounding in your chest that lasts for several minutes (Wegovy). The Wegovy label includes a warning about increased heart rate.[6, 3]

The thyroid warning

All four medicines carry a boxed warning, the FDA's most prominent kind. In rodent studies these medicines caused thyroid C-cell tumors, and it is unknown whether they cause these tumors, including medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), in people.[1, 2, 3, 4]

The Mounjaro and Wegovy labels, for example, say they must not be used by people with a personal or family history of MTC or with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2).[2, 3] Tell your healthcare provider if you get a lump or swelling in your neck, hoarseness, trouble swallowing or shortness of breath.[5, 6]

Before surgery or sedation

Every label warns that food can get into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration) during general anesthesia or deep sedation.[1, 2, 3, 4] Tell all your healthcare providers about any planned surgery or procedure.[5, 4]

Which label lists which warning

WarningZepboundMounjaroWegovyOzempic
Thyroid C-cell tumors (boxed)YesYesYesYes
Acute pancreatitisYesYesYesYes
Acute gallbladder diseaseYesYesYesYes
Serious allergic reactionsYesYesYesYes
Kidney injury from dehydrationYesYesYesYes
Severe stomach side effectsYesYesYesYes
Low blood sugarYesWith insulin or secretagoguesYesWith insulin or secretagogues
Diabetic retinopathy complicationsType 2 diabetesHistory of retinopathyType 2 diabetesHistory of retinopathy
Aspiration during anesthesia or sedationYesYesYesYes
Increased heart rateNoNoYesNo

From the Warnings and Precautions in each prescribing information (Highlights), revisions current in September 2026.[1, 2, 3, 4] "No" means the warning is not listed in that label's Highlights; read your own Medication Guide for the full list.

Every label also warns never to share a pen between people. The Ozempic label adds: even if the needle is changed.[1, 2, 3, 4]

Common questions

When should I stop taking Zepbound or Wegovy and get help?

The Medication Guides say to stop and call your healthcare provider right away if you have severe pain in your stomach area that will not go away, with or without vomiting, and to stop and get medical help right away if you have signs of a serious allergic reaction such as swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat, or trouble breathing.

What are the signs of gallbladder problems on a GLP-1?

The Zepbound and Wegovy Medication Guides list pain in the upper stomach, fever, yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice) and clay-colored stools. Call your healthcare provider if you have them.

What is the thyroid warning on GLP-1 medicines?

All four labels carry a boxed warning that these medicines cause thyroid C-cell tumors in rodents and that it is unknown whether they do in humans. The Medication Guides say to tell your healthcare provider about a lump or swelling in your neck, hoarseness, trouble swallowing or shortness of breath.

Do I need to tell my surgeon I take a GLP-1?

Yes. Every label warns about food getting into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration) during general anesthesia or deep sedation. Tell every healthcare provider about any planned surgery or procedure.

Not medical adviceThis guide explains what the official instructions say. Your prescriber and pharmacist know your situation, so ask them if anything here does not match what you were told.

Sources

  1. Eli Lilly and Company. Zepbound (tirzepatide) Prescribing Information. Revised 08/2026. Last checked 2026-09-23.
  2. Eli Lilly and Company. Mounjaro (tirzepatide) Prescribing Information. Revised 08/2026. Last checked 2026-09-23.
  3. Novo Nordisk. Wegovy (semaglutide) Prescribing Information. Revised 06/2026. Last checked 2026-09-23.
  4. Novo Nordisk. Ozempic (semaglutide) Prescribing Information, Medication Guide and Instructions for Use. Revised IFU 06/2026. Last checked 2026-09-23.
  5. Eli Lilly and Company. Zepbound Medication Guide. Revised 08/2026. Last checked 2026-09-23.
  6. Novo Nordisk. Wegovy side effects and safety. Revised n/a (web page). Last checked 2026-09-23.