Sourcing policy

Every factual health statement on this site links to a source you can read yourself.

Sources we use, in order of preference

1. FDA-approved prescribing information and Medication Guides for the specific product, as published by the manufacturer.
2. Manufacturer Instructions for Use for the specific device (pen, KwikPen or vial).
3. US Food and Drug Administration pages, announcements and safety communications.
4. Peer-reviewed research in indexed medical journals, used for context the label does not cover, and described with its limits.
5. Official manufacturer patient websites, for practical detail such as savings programs, cited alongside the label where possible.

Sources we do not use

• Forums, social media posts and anecdotes, as evidence for health facts. We may note that a question is commonly asked, but the answer comes from a primary source.
• Vendor or seller pages, including telehealth marketing pages, as evidence for health facts.
• Research-chemical or "research use only" sellers, for anything.

How citations work

Numbered links in the text point to the source list at the bottom of each page. Each entry shows the publisher, the document title, the revision date printed on it, and the date we last checked it. Where exact wording matters, such as which body areas a label allows, we quote the source word for word.

US labels only

Labels differ between countries. This site uses US prescribing information and US Instructions for Use, because it is written for readers in the United States.